{"id":11284,"date":"2020-03-27T16:09:55","date_gmt":"2020-03-27T16:09:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/yucatantravel.epconsulting.mx\/archeological-area\/mayapan\/"},"modified":"2022-01-20T12:10:23","modified_gmt":"2022-01-20T12:10:23","slug":"mayapan","status":"publish","type":"archeological-area","link":"https:\/\/yucatantravel.epconsulting.mx\/fr\/archeological-area\/mayapan\/","title":{"rendered":"Mayap\u00e1n"},"content":{"rendered":"

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La ville fortifi\u00e9e de Mayap\u00e1n, aussi appel\u00e9e \u00abDrapeau des Mayas\u00bb, est consid\u00e9r\u00e9e comme la derni\u00e8re grande capitale maya. Elle s\u2019\u00e9tend sur 4 km2<\/sup>, dans laquelle il y a environ 4.000 structures.\u00a0Ses d\u00e9buts remontent au d\u00e9but de notre \u00e8re atteignant son apog\u00e9e dans la p\u00e9riode postclassique (1200 - 1450 apr\u00e8s J.C). Il semblerait que cette ville eut une population de 12.000 habitants. Elle fut fond\u00e9e par le groupe cocom, que les experts associent aux porteurs de la culture dite maya-tolt\u00e8que.<\/p>

Le site fut si\u00e8ge de \u00a0\u00ab\u00a0La Ligue de Mayap\u00e1n\u00a0\u00bb, une conf\u00e9d\u00e9ration qui \u00a0r\u00e9unissait les chefs d\u2019Uxmal et Chichen Itza. Les disputesau sujet du contr\u00f4le finirent avec la d\u00e9faite des Itzaes, ceux qui gouvernaient la r\u00e9gion, et leur fuite vers le Pet\u00e9n, o\u00f9 ils fond\u00e8rent la ville de Tayasal. L\u2019h\u00e9g\u00e9monie de la Ligue fut exerc\u00e9e \u00e0 partir de ce moment (fin du XIII\u00e8me si\u00e8cle) par les cocoms de Mayap\u00e1n, bien qu\u2019avec une forte opposition des habitants des autres royaumes mayas de la P\u00e9ninsule. Cette alliance semble fut dissoute aux alentours de 1440, lorsque les cocoms quitt\u00e8rent la place et se sont install\u00e9s \u00e0 Sotuta.<\/p><\/div>

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Les \u00e9difices ronds connus sous le nom d\u2019observatoires et de petits sanctuaires valent \u00e9galement repr\u00e9sentatifs le d\u00e9tour.<\/p><\/blockquote>

Le travail de ses sculpteurs experts qui se distingue par son grand nombre de pi\u00e8ces en stuc mod\u00e9lis\u00e9es dans lesquelles se refl\u00e8te la haute qualit\u00e9 de ses \u0153uvres m\u00e9rite d\u2019\u00eatre vu. Il vaut noter que les peintures murales dans lesquelles sont fa\u00e7onn\u00e9es des sc\u00e8nes de guerre et des \u00e9v\u00e9nements li\u00e9s au culte de la mort qui rend \u00e9vident ses liens culturels avec le Haut Plateau du Centre du Mexique.<\/p>

On peut y voir des \u00e9difices civiques, administratifs et religieux, ainsi que des r\u00e9sidences de la classe dirigeante. Ce sont des \u00e9difices construits sur des soubassements qui ont des couloirs avec des colonnes, des temples et des oratoires avec un autel au fond et des trottoirs sur les c\u00f4t\u00e9s.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\n\t<\/div>\n<\/section><\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":5074,"template":"","class_list":["post-11284","archeological-area","type-archeological-area","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\nYucat\u00e1n - Sites arch\u00e9ologiques - Mayap\u00e1n | Yucat\u00e1n.Travel<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"La ville fortifi\u00e9e de Mayap\u00e1n, aussi appel\u00e9e \u00abDrapeau des Mayas\u00bb, est consid\u00e9r\u00e9e comme la derni\u00e8re grande capitale maya. 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